The Local Structure of Tilings and their Integer Group of Coinvariants

The local structure of a tiling is described in terms of a multiplicative structure on its pattern classes. The groupoid associated to the tiling is derived from this structure and its integer group of coinvariants is defined. This group furnishes part of the $K_0$-group of the groupoid $C^*$-algebra for tilings which reduce to decorations of $\Z^d$. The group itself as well as the image of its state is computed for substitution tilings in case the substitution is locally invertible and primitive. This yields in particular the set of possible gap labels predicted by $K$-theory for Schr\"odinger operators describing the particle motion in such a tiling.Comment: 45 pages including 9 figures, LaTe

Cyclic cohomology for graded C∗,rC^{*,r}-algebras and its pairings with van Daele KK-theory

We consider cycles for graded $C^{*,r}$-algebras (Real $C^{*}$-algebras) which are compatible with the $*$-structure and the real structure. Their characters are cyclic cocycles. We define a Connes type pairing between such characters and elements of the van Daele $K$-groups of the $C^{*,r}$-algebra and its real subalgebra. This pairing vanishes on elements of finite order. We define a second type of pairing between characters and $K$-group elements which is derived from a unital inclusion of $C^{*}$-algebras. It is potentially non-trivial on elements of order two and torsion valued. Such torsion valued pairings yield topological invariants for insulators. The two-dimensional Kane-Mele and the three-dimensional Fu-Kane-Mele strong invariant are special cases of torsion valued pairings. We compute the pairings for a simple class of periodic models and establish structural results for two dimensional aperiodic models with odd time reversal invariance.Comment: 57 page

Spectral triples from stationary Bratteli diagrams

We construct spectral triples for path spaces of stationary Bratteli diagrams and study their associated mathematical objects, in particular their zeta function, their heat kernel expansion and their Dirichlet forms. One of the main difficulties to properly define a Dirichlet form concerns its domain. We address this question in particular in the context of Pisot substitution tiling spaces for which we find two types of Dirichlet forms: one of transversal type, and one of longitudinal type. Here the eigenfunctions under the translation action can serve as a good core for a non-trivial Dirichlet form. We find that the infinitesimal generators can be interpreted as elliptic differential operators on the maximal equicontinuous factor of the tiling dynamical system.Comment: Version 2, 49 page